P-202610 references
expage.github.io

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Production rate cosmogenic data references for global average production rate calibration

Anderson et al. (2026)
Anderson N, Jackson MS, Kelly MA, Russell JM, Mason A, Garelick S, Doughty AM, Nakileza B, Hutchinson L, Geier IV GR, Hidy AJ, 2026. A low-latitude, high-elevation 10Be production-rate calibration from the Rwenzori Mountains, Uganda. Quaternary Geochronology 95, 101748. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2026.101748

Balco et al. (2009)
Balco G, Briner J, Finkel RC, Rayburn JA, Ridge JC, Schaefer JM, 2009. Regional beryllium-10 production rate calibration for late-glacial northeastern North America. Quaternary Geochronology 4, 93-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2008.09.001

Borchers et al. (2016)
Borchers B, Marrero S, Balco G, Caffee M, Goehring B, Lifton N, Nishiizumi K, Phillips F, Schaefer J, Stone J, 2016. Geological calibration of spallation production rates in the CRONUS-Earth project. Quaternary Geochronology 31, 188-198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2015.01.009

Briner et al. (2012)
Briner JP, Young NE, Goehring BM, Schaefer JM, 2012. Constraining Holocene 10Be production rates in Greenland. Journal of Quaternary Science 27, 2-6. https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1562

Claude et al. (2014)
Claude A, Ivy-Ochs S, Kober F, Antognini M, Salcher B, Kubik PW, 2014. The Chironico landslide (Valle Leventina, southern Swiss Alps): age and evolution. Swiss Journal of Geoscience 107, 273-291. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00015-014-0170-z

Fenton et al. (2011)
Fenton CR, Hermanns RL, Blikra LH, Kubik PW, Bryant C, Niedermann S, Meixner A, Goethals MM, 2011. Regional 10Be production rate calibration for the past 12 ka deduced from the radiocarbon-dated Grøtlandsura and Russenes rock avalanches at 69° N, Norway. Quaternary Geochronology 6, 437-452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2011.04.005

Fenton et al. (2019)
Fenton CR, Niedermann S, Dunai T, Binnie SA, 2019. The SPICE project: production rates of cosmogenic 21Ne, 10Be, and 14C in quartz from the 72 ka SP basalt flow, Arizona, USAu. Quaternary Geochronology 54, 101019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2019.101019

Fenton et al. (2022)
Fenton CR, Binnie SA, Dunai T, Niedermann S, 2022. The SPICE project: calibrated cosmogenic 26Al production rates and cross-calibrated 26Al/10Be, 26Al/14C, and 26Al/21Ne ratios in quartz from the SP basalt flow, AZ, USA. Quaternary Geochronology 67, 101218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2021.101218

Goehring et al. (2012)
Goehring BM, Lohne ØS, Mangerud J, Svendsen JI, Gyllencreutz R, Schaefer J, Finkel R, 2012. Late glacial and Holocene 10Be production rates for western Norway. Journal of Quaternary Science 27, 89-96. https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1517

Hofmann FM, Rambeau C, Gegg L, Schulz M, Steiner M, Fülling A, Léanni L, Preusser F, Aumaître G, Keddadouche K, Zaidi F, 2024. Regional beryllium-10 production rate for the mid-elevation mountainous regions in central Europe, deduced from a multi-method study of moraines and lake sediments in the Black Forest. Geochronology 6, 147-174. https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-6-147-2024

Kaplan et al. (2011)
Kaplan MR, Strelin JA, Schaefer JM, Denton GH, Finkel RC, Schwartz R, Putnam AE, Vandergoes MJ, Goehring BM, Travis SG, 2011. In-situ cosmogenic 10Be production rate at Lago Argentino, Patagonia: implications for late-glacial climate chronology. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 309, 21-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.06.018

Kelly et al. (2015)
Kelly MA, Lowell TV, Applegate PJ, Phillips FM, Schaefer JM, Smith CA, Kim H, Leonard KC, Hudson AM, 2015. A locally calibrated, late glacial 10Be production rate from a low-latitude, high-altitude site in the Peruvian Andes. Quaternary Geochronology 26, 70-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2013.10.007

Koester and Lifton (2023).
Koester AJ, Lifton NA, 2023. Technical note: A software framework for calculating compositionally dependent in situ 14C production rates. Geochronology 5, 21-33. https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-5-21-2023

Lifton et al. (2015)
Lifton N, Caffee M, Finkel R, Marrero S, Nishiizumi K, Phillips FM, Goehring B, Gosse J, Stone J, Schaefer J, Theriault B, Jull AJT, Fifield K, 2015. In situ cosmogenic nuclide production rate calibration for the CRONUS-Earth project from Lake Bonneville, Utah, shoreline features. Quaternary Geochronology 26, 56-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2014.11.002

Marcott et al. (2019)
Marcott SA, Clark PU, Shakun JD, Brook EJ, Davis PT, Caffee MW, 2019. 10Be age constraints on latest Pleistocene and Holocene cirque glaciation across the western United States. npj Climate and Atmospheric Science 2, 5. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-019-0062-z

Martin et al. (2015)
Martin LCP, Blard P-H, Lavé J, Braucher R, Lupker M, Condom T, Charreau J, Mariotti V, Arnold M, Aumaître G, Bourlès DL, Keddadouche K, Davy E, 2015. In situ cosmogenic 10Be production rate in the high tropical Andes. Quaternary Geochronology 30, 54-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2015.06.012

Moore and Granger (2019)
Moore AK, Granger DE, 2019. Calibration of the production rate of cosmogenic 36Cl from Fe. Quaternary Geochronology 51, 87-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2019.02.002

Phillips et al. (2016b)
Phillips FM, Kelly MA, Hudson AM, Stone JOH, Schaefer J, Marrero SM, Fifield LK, Finkel R, Lowell T, 2016b. CRONUS-Earth calibration samples from the Huancané II moraines, Quelccaya ice cap, Peru. Quaternary Geochronology 31, 220-236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2015.10.005

Putnam et al. (2010)
Putnam AE, Schaefer JM, Barrell DJA, Vandergoes M, Denton GH, Kaplan MR, Finkel RC, Schwartz R, Goehring BM, Kelley SE, 2010. In situ cosmogenic 10Be production-rate calibration from the Southern Alps, New Zealand. Quaternary Geochronology 5, 392-409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2009.12.001

Putnam et al. (2019)
Putnam AE, Bromley GRM, Rademaker K, Schaefer JM, 2019. In situ 10Be production-rate calibration from a 14C-dated late-glacial moraine belt in Rannoch Moor, central Scottish Highlands. Quaternary Geochronology 50, 109-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2018.11.006

Schimmelpfennig et al. (2012)
Schimmelpfennig I, Schaefer JM, Goehring BM, Lifton N, Putnam AE, Barrell DJ, 2012. Calibration of the in situ cosmogenic 14C production rate in New Zealand's Southern Alps. Journal of Quaternary Science 27, 671-674. https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.2566

Small and Fabel (2015)
Small D, Fabel D, 2015. A Lateglacial 10Be production rate from glacial lake shorelines in Scotland. Journal of Quaternary Science 30, 509-513. https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.2804

Small and Fabel (2016)
Small D, Fabel D, 2016. Was Scotland deglaciated during the Younger Dryas?. Quaternary Science Reviews 145, 259-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.05.031

Stroeven et al. (2015)
Stroeven AP, Heyman J, Fabel D, Björck S, Caffee MW, Fredin O, Harbor JM, 2015. A new Scandinavian reference 10Be production rate. Quaternary Geochronology 29, 104-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2015.06.011

Young et al. (2013)
Young NE, Schaefer JM, Briner JP, Goehring BM, 2013. A 10Be production-rate calibration for the Arctic. Journal of Quaternary Science 28, 515-526. https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.2642

Young et al. (2014)
Young NE, Schaefer JM, Goehring B, Lifton N, Schimmelpfennig I, Briner JP, 2014. West Greenland and global in situ 14C production‐rate calibrations. Journal of Quaternary Science 29, 401-406. https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.2717

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Other references for global average production rate calibration

Antognini and Volpers (2002)
Antognini M, Volpers R, 2002. A late Pleistocene age for the Chironico rockslide (central Alps, Ticino, Switzerland). Bulletin for Applied Geology 7, 113-125. http://doi.org/10.5169/seals-223648

Briner et al. (2007)
Briner JP, Overeem I, Miller G, Finkel R, 2007. The deglaciation of Clyde Inlet, northeastern Baffin Island, arctic Canada. Journal of Quaternary Science 22, 223-232. https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1057

Bronk Ramsey (2009)
Bronk Ramsey C, 2009. Bayesian analysis of radiocarbon dates. Radiocarbon 51, 337-360. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200033865

Clark and Gillespie (1997)
Clark DH, Gillespie AR, 1997. Timing and significance of late-glacial and Holocene cirque glaciation in the Sierra Nevada, California. Quaternary International 38/39, 21-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1040-6182(96)00024-9

Codilean (2006)
Codilean AT, 2006. Calculation of the cosmogenic nuclide production topographic shielding scaling factor for large areas using DEMs. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 31, 785-794. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.1336

Heaton et al. (2020)
Heaton TJ, Köhler P, Butzin M, Bard E, Reimer RW, Austin WE, Ramsey CB, Grootes PM, Hughen KA, Kromer B, Reimer PJ, 2020. Marine20 – The marine radiocarbon age calibration curve (0–55,000 cal BP). Radiocarbon 62, 779-820. https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2020.68

Hogg et al. (2020)
Hogg AG, Heaton TJ, Hua Q, Palmer JG, Turney CS, Southon J, Bayliss A, Blackwell PG, Boswijk G, Ramsey CB, Pearson C, 2020. SHCal20 Southern Hemisphere calibration, 0–55,000 years cal BP. Radiocarbon 62, 759-778. https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2020.59

Li (2013)
Li YK, 2013. Determining topographic shielding from digital elevation models for cosmogenic nuclide analysis: a GIS approach and field validation. Journal of Mountain Science 10, 355-362. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-013-2564-1

Lohne et al. (2012)
Lohne ØS, Mangerud J, Svendsen JI, 2012. Timing of the Younger Dryas glacial maximum in western Norway. Journal of Quaternary Science 27, 81-88. https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1516

Lougheed and Obrochta (2016)
Lougheed BC, Obrochta SP, 2016. MatCal: Open Source Bayesian 14C Age Calibration in Matlab, Journal of Open Research Software 4, e42. https://doi.org/10.5334/jors.130

Lowe et al. (2019)
Lowe J, Matthews I, Mayfield R, Lincoln P, Palmer A, Staff R, Timms R, 2019. On the timing of retreat of the Loch Lomond ('Younger Dryas') readvance icefield in the SW Scottish Highlands and its wider significance. Quaternary Science Reviews 219, 171-186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.06.034

Nesje (2002)
Nesje A, 2002. A large rockfall avalanche in Oldedalen, inner Nordfiord, western Norway, dated by means of a sub-avalanche Salix sp. tree trunk. Norwegian Journal of Geology 82, 59-62.

Reimer et al. (2020)
Reimer PJ, Austin WE, Bard E, Bayliss A, Blackwell PG, Ramsey CB, Butzin M, Cheng H, Edwards RL, Friedrich M, Grootes PM, 2020. The IntCal20 Northern Hemisphere radiocarbon age calibration curve (0–55 cal kBP). Radiocarbon 62, 725-757. https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2020.41

Vandergoes et al. (2008)
Vandergoes MJ, Dieffenbacher-Krall AC, Newnham RM, Denton GH, Blaauw M, 2008. Cooling and changing seasonality in the Southern Alps, New Zealand during the Antarctic cold reversal. Quaternary Science Reviews 27, 589-601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2007.11.015


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Production rate calibration references for sites excluded from the global average

Clark et al. (1995)
Clark DH, Bierman PR, Larsen P, 1995. Improving in situ cosmogenic chronometers. Quaternary Research 44, 367-377. https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1995.1081

Farber et al. (2005)
Farber DL, Hancock GS, Finkel RC, Rodbell DT, 2005. The age and extent of tropical alpine glaciation in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru. Journal of Quaternary Science 20, 759-776. https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.994

Gosse et al. (1995)
Gosse JC, Evenson EB, Klein J, Lawn B, Middleton R, 1995. Precise cosmogenic 10Be measurements in western North America: support for a global Younger Dryas cooling event. Geology 23, 877-880. https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1995)023<0877:PCBMIW>2.3.CO;2

Kubik and Ivy-Ochs (2004)
Kubik PW, Ivy-Ochs S, 2004. A re-evaluation of the 0-10 ka 10Be production rate for exposure dating obtained from the Köfels (Austria) landslide. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 223-224, 618-622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2004.04.114

Kubik et al. (1998)
Kubik PW, Ivy-Ochs S, Masarik J, Frank M, Schlüchter C, 1998. 10Be and 26Al production rates deduced from an instantaneous event within the dendro-calibration curve, the landslide of Köfels, Ötz Valley, Astria. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 161, 231-241. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(98)00153-8

Larsen (1996)
Larsen PL, 1996. In-situ production rates of cosmogenic 10Be and 26Al over the past 21,500 years determined from the terminal moraine of the Laurentide ice sheet, north-central New Jersey. Ms thesis, University of Vermont.

Nicolussi et al. (2015)
Nicolussi K, Spötl C, Thurner A, Reimer PJ, 2015. Precise radiocarbon dating of the giant Köfels landslide (eastern Alps, Austria). Geomorphology 243, 87-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.05.001

Phillips et al. (2016a)
Phillips FM, Hinz M, Marrero SM, Nishiizumi K, 2016a. Cosmogenic nuclide data sets from the Sierra Nevada, California, for assessment of nuclide production models: II. Sample sites and evaluation. Quaternary Geochronology 35, 101-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2015.12.003

Stone et al. (1998)
Stone JO, Ballantyne CK, Fifield LK, 1998. Exposure dating and validation of periglacial weathering limits, northwestern Scotland. Geology 26, 587-590. https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1998)026<0587:EDAVOP>2.3.CO;2

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